Labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the inner ear. It develops as a result of the introduction of pathogenic microorganisms into the anatomical structures of the organ of hearing. Inflammation can also be caused by toxic waste products of bacteria and viruses. The disease manifests itself in the form of hearing impairment and body coordination in space.
The disease is quite dangerous and requires mandatory treatment in a clinic. Self-therapy of labyrinthitis is ineffective, moreover, it can aggravate the inflammatory process. In the international center "Clinic K+31" treatment of ear diseases is carried out by qualified otolaryngologists with extensive experience of clinical work. We use the most modern medical equipment and the safest drugs.
Another name for the pathology is internal otitis. The direct cause of the painful process is the penetration of pathogenic bacterial or viral agents into the anatomical structures of the hearing organs. Inflammatory processes lead to hearing loss, cause dizziness and other unpleasant symptoms.
There are many factors that can provoke the development of internal otitis:
The most likely cause of labyrinthitis, as evidenced by medical statistics, is a complicated course of otitis media. Insufficient or inadequate treatment leads to the spread of inflammation deep into the ear. This form of the disease is called otogenic labyrinthitis. Often, labyrinthitis develops as a complication of infectious diseases of other localizations. Pathogenic microorganisms enter the inner ear hematogenously (through the blood).
Infectious diseases that provoke labyrinthitis are:
These diseases are dangerous in themselves, and if they are also accompanied by inflammation of the inner ear, treatment becomes doubly difficult and lengthy. In such cases, complex therapy is carried out - the main pathology is eliminated, then local therapy of the inner ear is carried out.
When the disease develops, inflammation develops in the labyrinth - a structural element of the organ of hearing. This anatomical section performs not only the function of hearing, but is also responsible for the sense of balance. That is why during the disease patients experience dizziness and spatial orientation is impaired.
The labyrinth is localized in the area of the temporal bone and is adjacent to the tympanic cavity from the inside, and to the auditory canal from the outside. It consists of 3 parts - the cochlea, the vestibule, and the semicircular canals. When inflammation occurs, all components of the inner ear are affected, which causes quite characteristic symptoms.
The disease begins with tinnitus, loss of full orientation, dizziness. Hearing is reduced, and loud sounds cause painful reactions in the ear. Fluid (exudate) accumulates in the labyrinth. The most dangerous type is purulent labyrinthitis, which is accompanied by general intoxication of the body. With an unfavorable course of this form and the absence of timely and competent therapy, total hearing loss is possible.
There are several criteria for classifying the disease.
The most characteristic symptom of the disease in question is dizziness, often accompanied by nausea. The latter symptoms are associated with vestibular nerve stimulation.
Dizziness with labyrinthitis is expressed in the illusion of rotation of external objects or the patient himself. The head spins more when tilting the head, moving, sneezing and mechanical impact on the auricle. Dizziness is associated with pathological impact on the semicircular canals. With acute inflammation, dizziness occurs in attacks of varying duration. With recurrent labyrinthitis, dizziness is less pronounced.
Other symptoms of labyrinthitis in adults:
The severity of symptoms depends on the cause and type of disease. Acute purulent or necrotic otitis is the most dangerous and obvious pathological form. Often the disease develops in attacks. During critical periods, patients experience severe dizziness (up to the inability to move or move their head), their complexion changes, and their pulse slows down (or quickens).
With labyrinthitis caused by skull damage, an accumulation of exudate mixed with blood is often observed in the labyrinth. Injury to the temporal bone can cause paresis (temporary paralysis) of the facial nerve: the patient becomes unable to control the muscles of one half of the face.
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