Allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is a pathology that develops due to contact of the nasal mucosa with allergens. It can be seasonal (occurs in spring and summer) and year-round. Our doctors will help you undergo examination and therapy at the K+31 clinic.
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Causes of allergic rhinitis

One of the most common causative agents of allergic rhinitis is plant pollen (the most dangerous of them is ragweed, the peak of pollination of which occurs in July-October). During their flowering period, people at risk develop hay fever or “hay fever”.

Some people have a reaction to dust mites. These invisible creatures live in house dust and feed on organic particles (in particular, dead skin cells). In highly dusty conditions, the cause of allergic reactions is their excrement.

In addition, an allergic reaction is caused by specific proteins contained in the hair and saliva of pets. Symptoms intensify with direct contact with the pet.

Also at risk of developing allergic rhinitis are people whose profession involves constant contact with dust, chemicals or specific materials. In particular, reactions to flour, latex, feathers and even some medications are very common .

Causes of allergic rhinitis

Symptoms of allergic rhinitis

The pathology is manifested by a number of characteristic symptoms, the same for both children and adults. These include:

  • Nasal stuffiness
  • Difficulty in nasal breathing
  • Sneezing (can be paroxysmal and repeated many times)
  • Itchy nose
  • Nasal discharge (copious, clear)
  • Decreased or loss of sense of smell

In some patients, the leading symptoms are sneezing and itching, in others - nasal congestion and runny nose. There are also mixed cases. In addition, a runny nose is often accompanied by redness and itching in the eyes. This indicates simultaneously developing allergic conjunctivitis. Often the eyelids become very swollen. This symptom signals the development of a dangerous complication - Quincke's edema.

In the most severe cases, the symptoms of allergic rhinitis resemble the signs of ARVI. In this case, the person’s temperature rises slightly and a sore throat appears. Weakness increases, performance decreases, and general condition worsens.

General information about the treatment of allergic rhinitis

Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis

The diagnosis is made by an allergist. To begin with, he examines the patient, identifies the main symptoms and records complaints. Further steps:

  • Skin allergy tests. This is a simple and fairly accurate method for determining the allergen. Its essence is to apply possible allergens to the skin and observe the reaction
  • Blood and nasal swab tests. An allergic process is indicated by an increased level of eosinophils. The presence of neutrophils in the blood indicates the addition of an infectious component

If necessary, additional specialized tests are carried out. For example, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can detect antibodies to specific allergens in the blood.

Allergic rhinitis therapy

The basis of treatment is to minimize the impact of the allergen on the body. It is important to try to avoid the irritant. If this is not possible, you need to actively remove it from the body. Regular rinsing of the nasal passages with saline solutions helps to do this: this way you can cleanse the mucous membrane of allergens and reduce the intensity of symptoms.

To reduce the severity of the body's reactions, new generation antiallergic drugs are used. They block the action of histamine and thus help improve the general condition. Vasoconstrictor sprays and drops help relieve nasal congestion and improve breathing. In severe cases of the disease, drugs based on corticosteroids are used.

Measures to prevent allergic rhinitis

The main goal of prevention is to reduce contact with allergens. In particular, it is necessary to limit exposure to dust, animal hair, certain products and household chemicals. It is also recommended to avoid dyes, flavors and preservatives in food. It is also very important to protect yourself from viral infections and use protective masks in crowded places.

To monitor the condition, people diagnosed with allergic rhinitis should regularly visit a doctor and, if necessary, undergo treatment.

How is an appointment with an otolaryngologist at K+31?

During the initial appointment, the doctor questions the patient in detail about complaints, clarifies the history of the disease, and lifestyle. Next, a thorough visual examination of the nose, pharynx, ear, and larynx is carried out. Special tests are prescribed to assess the acuity of hearing and smell.

Our doctors

Tetzoeva
Zalina Muratovna
Head of the department of otorhinolaryngology, otorhinolaryngologist
Lapshina
Anastasia Andreevna
Otolaryngologist, audiologist
Lopatin
Andrew Stanislavovich
Chief Specialist in Otorhinolaryngology
Portnyagina
Maria Pavlovna
Audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist
Kaspranskaya
Galina Rustemovna
Otorhinolaryngologist, otoneurologist, audiologist
Budeikina
Liliya Sergeevna
Otorhinolaryngologist, phoniatrist
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