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Laryngoscopy – endoscopy of the throat and larynx

Laryngoscopy allows you to examine the larynx and its anatomical structures. This diagnostic method is considered very informative - it helps to identify dangerous diseases at an early stage. Doctors at the K+31 clinic widely use this method, taking care of our patients.
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Diagnosis of diseases of the throat and larynx through endoscopy

Endoscopic laryngoscopy can detect laryngeal inflammation and abscesses. It is also carried out to detect:

  • Tumors (benign and malignant)
  • Burns caused by thermal or chemical exposure
  • Adhesions and tumors on the vocal cords

This procedure also helps to identify injuries to the vocal cords and detect the presence of foreign objects in the larynx.

Limitations for laryngoscopy

Indirect laryngoscopy is usually safe and does not have strict restrictions on its use. Direct laryngoscopy has contraindications.

These include:

  • Problems with the blood coagulation system
  • Epileptic seizures
  • Recent throat surgery
  • Serious cardiovascular diseases

The procedure is not performed in the presence of these conditions, because this background increases the risk of complications.

General information about the procedure

Types of procedure

Laryngoscopy can be indirect, direct or retrograde. During indirect laryngoscopy, the doctor examines the throat using a special mirror.

Direct laryngoscopy allows for a more in-depth examination. The process uses flexible (used with local anesthesia) or rigid (requires general anesthesia) fiber laryngoscopes with an optical system.

Retrograde laryngoscopy is used to examine the nasopharynx through the nose. This is a minimally invasive procedure that is performed under local anesthesia.

Preparation for laryngoscopy

Indirect laryngoscopy does not require complex preparation. It is enough to avoid eating and limit fluid intake 4 hours before the test. Such measures help reduce the risk of gag reflex during the procedure.

Before direct laryngoscopy, the doctor refers the patient to undergo a computed tomography or barium test. A week before the procedure, you need to donate blood for analysis. You also need to stop taking medications that can affect blood clotting (for example, Aspirin and multivitamins).

How the procedure is performed

Mirror laryngoscopy begins with a survey and examination. At the same time, the doctor clarifies the patient’s complaints and gets acquainted with the history of his illness.

Before the examination, you will need to remove dentures (if any). Then you need to open your mouth wide and stretch out your tongue. Using a speculum heated to body temperature, the doctor will carefully examine the oropharynx and vocal cords. To get a better overview, the specialist may ask the patient to loudly pronounce several vowel sounds.

Before performing direct laryngoscopy, the doctor sprays an anesthetic spray into the patient's throat. Then the person lies down in a chair and throws his head back. To examine the desired area, the doctor inserts a flexible laryngoscope with a light and camera.

Fibrolaryngoscopy

Fibrolaryngoscopy allows for detailed examination of hard-to-reach areas of the larynx. In this case, modern endoscopes equipped with video cameras are used. This makes it possible to visualize the smallest changes in the mucosa.

One of the most informative types of this procedure is diagnostic epipharyngolaryngoscopy. It allows the doctor to get the clearest image of the internal structures.

At the very beginning of the procedure, the patient is placed in a chair and asked to tilt his head back a little. Then a special instrument with a small video camera on the end is inserted into the throat. Its use allows the doctor to visualize the larynx and surrounding tissues.

If during the examination areas are discovered that require additional examination, the doctor takes a biopsy. To do this, he uses special instruments that are inserted through the endoscope channel. Taking a small sample of tissue from the suspicious area, he then sends it for histological examination. In this way, an accurate diagnosis can be made - for example, the presence of cancer cells can be confirmed or excluded. If foreign bodies and polyps are found, the doctor removes them.

After completing the procedure, the specialist carefully removes the endoscope. If the patient complains of pain or sore throat, the specialist treats the examined area with a spray.

If the procedure was carried out under general anesthesia, after its completion the specialist carefully removes the patient from the state of anesthesia. He is then transferred to the recovery room for observation. Once the person’s condition has stabilized, they are allowed to go home.

Recovery after laryngoscopy and possible risks

This type of study is usually easily tolerated. However, after pressing on the back wall of the pharynx, short-term attacks of nausea may occur, which quickly disappear.

Also allowed to appear:

  • Swelling (accompanied by difficulty swallowing)
  • Tolerable sore throat
  • Bloody discharge (immediately after collecting biomaterial)

To reduce the intensity of adverse reactions, it is necessary to refrain from eating and drinking until the anesthesia wears off. Smokers should avoid nicotine for 8-12 hours after the procedure. If complications develop (for example, bleeding), you can smoke only after your doctor’s permission.

In general, periodic bleeding during the first 24 hours after the procedure is not a cause for concern. However, if bleeding persists for more than a day or is accompanied by a persistent metallic taste in the mouth, you should immediately consult a specialist.

Our doctors

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Sadikov
Ilya Sergeyevich
Head of the Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngologist
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Tetzoeva
Zalina Muratovna
Head of the department of otorhinolaryngology, otorhinolaryngologist
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Kochetkova (Minavnina)
Yulia Vladimirovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
Osipova
Irina Andreevna
ENT doctor
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Gutenko (Selenina)
Tatyana Vitalievna
ENT doctor
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Lapshina
Anastasia Andreevna
Otolaryngologist, audiologist
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Samarin
Nikolay Evgenyevich
ENT doctor
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Krahovetsky
Nikolay Nikolaevich
ENT doctor
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Lopatin
Andrew Stanislavovich
Chief Specialist in Otorhinolaryngology
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Portnyagina
Maria Pavlovna
Audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist
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Kaspranskaya
Galina Rustemovna
Otorhinolaryngologist, otoneurologist, audiologist
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Koblova
Tatyana Alexandrovna
ENT doctor
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Petlyov
Alexei Anatolevich
Otolaryngologist
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Punkov
Maxim Anatolevich
ENT doctor
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Varenkova
Olga Vladimirovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Sadikova
Yulia Alexandrovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Timurzieva
Alina Borisovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Budeikina
Liliya Sergeevna
Otorhinolaryngologist, phoniatrist
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Shishmareva
Elena Vladimirovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Kornienko
Roman Anatolievich
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Budnitskaya
Elena Vasilievna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Varvyanskaya
Anastasia Vladimirovna
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Akhmedov
Magomed Akhmedovich
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Zosimenko
Nina Alexandrovna
Otolaryngologist
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Vizgunova
Anna Alekseevna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Gogoreva
Naila Rostislavovna
Otorhinolaryngologist
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Primary appointment with an otorhinolaryngologist
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Repeated appointment with an otorhinolaryngologist
from 4 950 ₽

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К + 31 — full-cycle multidisciplinary medical centers, including the possibility of providing medical services of European quality level.
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K+31 on Lobachevskogo

st. Lobachevskogo, 42/4

+7 499 999-31-31

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74999993131

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K+31 on Lobachevskogo

st. Lobachevskogo, 42/4

+7 499 999-31-31
K+31 Petrovskie Vorota

1st Kolobovsky pereulok, 4

74999993131
K+31 West

Orshanskaya, 16/2; Ak. Pavlova, 22

74999993131

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The emergency room K+31 on Lobachevskogo works around the clock for adults only. Children are treated by a pediatric traumatologist in accordance with the schedule.

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