Day 5 after embryo transfer

The transfer of embryos into the uterine cavity is the final stage of the IVF procedure, which is carried out 3-5 days after fertilization of oocytes with sperm in the laboratory. The period of introduction of the ovum into the endometrium depends on many factors: the quality of the embryos, the readiness of the uterus for conception and the state of health of the woman, etc. The luck of the gestation planning cycle is often attributed to "luck." But in reality, the success of the procedure largely depends on the patient's compliance with medical recommendations.

Theory

The penetration of the ovum into the endometrium, which is covered with the inner surface of the uterine cavity, is called implantation. In the process of penetration into the mucous membrane, the embryo damages the soft tissues, which can cause bloody discharge from the vagina. The rate of pregnancy on various days after ovulation (DPO) depends on:

• the degree of loosening of the endometrium and the content of nutrients in it;
• the level of progesterone in the blood, which prevents the onset of menstruation;
• the presence in the body of infectious agents and microflora in the reproductive organs.

On the 5th day after the embryo transfer, pregnancy is already possible, however, early implantation is rare when undergoing IVF. This is due to the development of embryos outside the female body, and after transfer, they need a certain time to adapt to new environmental conditions. Conception is not a one-time process, each stage in the IVF procedure is of great importance in the onset of the gestational period and the normal development of the fetus.

Timing of embryo implantation

When the male and female reproductive cells merge, a diploid cell is formed, which begins to actively divide. First, a blastomere of 6-8 cells is formed, then a morula (16-64 cells) and only then a blastocyst, which is implanted into the wall of the uterus. Reproductive specialists distinguish three periods of embryo implantation:

1. Early - 6 DPO or 3 DPP in case of IVF;
2. Medium - 7-8 DPO or 5 DPP for three days or five days in case of IVF;
3. Late - 10 DPO or 7-8 DPP in case of IVF.

Medium implantation occurs within 7-8 days after ovulation. With in vitro fertilization, a reproductive specialist takes a mature oocyte, after which he fertilizes sperm in the laboratory. It takes an average of 3-5 days to grow blastomeres, after which viable embryos are implanted into the uterus. The implantation of the ovum at 5 DPPs is a rather rare phenomenon, which in 90% of cases occurs when using five-day-old embryos.

Cryo implantation

In embryological practice, two methods of replanting embryos into the uterine cavity are used:

1. Instant transfer - implantation of diploid cells into the uterus immediately after their cultivation in a nutrient medium;
2. Cryotransfer - transfer of embryos thawed immediately before IVF into the uterine cavity.

Cryotransferring is possible if the couple has previously used assisted reproductive technologies for conception. To avoid re-stimulation of ovulation in case of unsuccessful IVF, it is recommended to freeze some of the fertilized eggs for subsequent attempts.

Conception on the 5th day after cryotransfer occurs infrequently, which is due to the need for embryos to undergo an adaptation period when entering the female body. In the case of implantation of a blastocyst into the endometrium, the patient may experience objective changes in the state of health.

Embryo development by day

With a successful IVF protocol, embryos are introduced into the endometrium according to the following scheme:

• 0 DPP - implantation of blastomeres into the uterine cavity or cryo-transfer;
• 1 DPP - the embryo leaves the protein membrane;
• 2 DPP - the blastocyst attaches to the surface of the endometrium;
• 3 DPP - the process of introducing the blastocyst into the uterine lining begins;
• 4 DPP - the process of implantation of the zygote into the uterus continues;
• 5 DPP - implantation is completed;
• 6 DPP - the forming placenta begins to produce hCG;
• 7 DPP - the content of hCG increases significantly in the body.

The above scheme is typical for early implantation of blastocysts into the uterus. If the implementation process takes place on 5 DPPs of five days, the sensations of the onset of pregnancy arise a few days later.

Signs of conception after IVF

After the IVF procedure, many women begin to "listen" to changes in the body in order to determine whether conception has occurred or not. Many of the sensations described by them are subjective and are more associated with excitement, and not with real physiological changes in the organs of the reproductive system.

Conventionally, reproductive specialists have divided the symptoms after IVF into two categories: subjective and objective. Subjective symptoms include:

• emotional lability;
• quick fatigue;
• heaviness in the lower abdomen;
• tingling sensation in the uterus;
• frequent mood swings;
• vaginal discharge.

A few days after the embryo transfer, changes may occur that are characteristic of the beginning of a new menstrual cycle: soreness in the chest, pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, etc. Reproductive experts warn that if the embryo is successfully implanted into the uterus, they completely disappear and do not interfere with the normal course of pregnancy.

The objective symptoms arising from the introduction of a blastocyst into the endometrium include:

• increased basal temperature;
• detection of hCG in blood serum;
• a general rise in temperature to 37.2 degrees Celsius.

It is not excluded that the mentioned sensations may occur at 5 DPO when transferring five-day-old embryos into the uterus. Unlike "three days", they contain more cells, and therefore the period for their subsequent division and transformation from morula to blastocyst, ready for implantation into the uterus, is shortened.

Conclusion

On the 5th day after the final stage of IVF, it is already possible to implant embryos into the uterine wall. This implantation is called average, in most cases it occurs when five-day-old fetal eggs are planted. Subjective and objective symptoms can indicate a successful conception: heaviness in the lower abdomen, frequent mood swings, an increase in basal and general temperature. In the event of pregnancy, the body increases the content of hCG, which is produced by embryos after implantation into the uterus.