Erythroplakia of the cervix
Cervical health often remains outside our attention until alarming symptoms appear. But some changes, such as erythroplakia, can be not only unnoticeable, but also potentially dangerous. Let's figure out together what it is, why it occurs, and what to do if a doctor makes such a diagnosis. You will learn how to recognize the problem in time and maintain your health.
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Erythroplakia of the cervix occurs due to damage and thinning of the epithelium (the top layer of cells) of the mucous membrane. The causes of this condition can be different and are associated with both external and internal factors.
The main causes:
- Chronic inflammation - for example, cervicitis or vaginitis caused by infections
- Hormonal changes - an imbalance of estrogens can weaken the mucous membrane
- Mechanical injuries - damage after childbirth, abortions, use of intrauterine devices or rough sexual intercourse
- Sexually transmitted infections (for example, human papillomavirus - HPV)
- Exposure to chemicals - for example, with improper use of vaginal preparations
- Age-related changes - with age, the epithelium becomes thinner and more vulnerable
How does this happen? Under the influence of these factors, the mucous membrane of the cervix loses its protective properties. The epithelium becomes thinner, the vessels are less protected, which leads to the appearance of red areas. Without treatment, the condition can progress.
Erythroplakia of the cervix often occurs latent, without obvious symptoms. However, in some cases, symptoms may still appear, and it is important to know them.
Possible signs:
- Bloody discharge between periods or after intercourse
- Pain or discomfort during intercourse
- Vaginal discharge of an unusual color, odor, or texture
- A feeling of dryness or burning in the vagina
- Drawing pain in the lower abdomen, especially without an apparent cause
- Increased frequency of inflammatory diseases of the vagina or cervix
What else should you pay attention to? Erythroplakia is often discovered by chance, during a routine examination or diagnosis of other conditions. The doctor may notice an area with a change in the color or texture of the mucous membrane.
General information about the procedure
Diagnostics
The main diagnostic procedures:
- Examination on the chair. The gynecologist examines the cervix with a mirror. Erythroplakia looks like a red spot on the mucous membrane. If the doctor notices something unusual, he prescribes additional tests
- Colposcopy. This is an examination through a special device with magnification. Imagine a magnifying glass that helps the doctor examine even the smallest changes in the cervix. The procedure is painless and safe
- Test with Lugol's solution. During colposcopy, the doctor can apply solutions that “highlight” problem areas. For example, Lugol's solution stains healthy cells, and diseased ones remain light
- Cytology smear. A smear is taken from the surface of the cervix. In the lab, it is checked for altered cells
- Biopsy. If the doctor sees that the area is questionable, a small piece of tissue is taken for analysis
Doctor K+31's opinion: “Erythroplakia is a condition that can go on for a long time without obvious symptoms. A woman often feels completely healthy, but changes in the tissue are already occurring. For example, thinning of the epithelium and exposure of blood vessels can develop over several months or even years without causing pain or discomfort. If this is not detected in time, the area may become vulnerable to infections or develop into a precancerous condition.”
Answers to popular questions
Experts' answers:
Can erythroplakia occur after childbirth?
Do I need to treat a small erythroplakia if it does not cause problems?
Can erythroplakia return after treatment?
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What is cervical erythroplakia?
Erythroplakia of the cervix is a rare but potentially serious condition. It is characterized by the appearance of a bright red area on the mucous membrane of the cervix. This area is formed due to thinning of the epithelium (the surface layer of cells) and exposure of the underlying blood vessels. This is why it looks red.
Erythroplakia requires attention because this condition is sometimes associated with precancerous changes. Although it does not always lead to cancer, it should not be ignored.