Abnormal bleeding
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treatment
About the disease
Методика лечения маточного кровотечения женщин напрямую зависит от интенсивности патологии и общего самочувствия пациентки. Если кровопотеря большая, то ее нужно экстренно прекратить и стабилизировать состояние организма. Только после этого можно приступать к диагностическим процедурам. В первую очередь это связано с тем, что если кровотечение сильное оно представляет опасность для здоровья и жизни пациентки.
При незначительном АМК, наоборот, сперва ищут причину маточных кровотечений. Для этого прибегают к различным исследованиям и методам диагностики. Только потом разрабатывают схему лечения. Терапия может быть консервативной, с применением лекарственных препаратов (сосудоукрепляющие, гормональные препараты), но при необходимости прибегают и к хирургическому вмешательству.
При выборе методики и последующей корректировке терапии в учет берут степень положительного воздействия лекарств, наличие побочных эффектов лечения, индивидуальные особенности пациентки: возраст, состояние здоровья, заинтересованность в зачатии ребенка в будущем.
При первых признаках, что началось аномальное маточное кровотечение, мы рекомендуем незамедлительно обратиться за квалифицированной помощью. Это поможет снизить риск осложнений.
Abnormal uterine bleeding usually occurs when the hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle is disrupted. This problem is most often observed at the beginning of childbearing age and before its end, when the female body is reconstructed. To prescribe treatment, specialists always clearly determine the causes of uterine bleeding in a woman.
AMK classification
The typology was developed relatively recently and includes three types of AMC:
Chronic – observed in the patient for more than six months and does not have a clear periodicity. Bloody discharge can vary in intensity; blood clots may appear during menstruation
Acute – bleeding requiring emergency medical care due to large blood loss; may develop as a result of untimely treatment of chronic AUB or for other reasons
Intermenstrual (IMC) – observed in the periods between menstruation and in medicine is called “metrorrhagia”
The causes of abnormal bleeding are divided into functional and organic. Most often, pathology develops in the presence of the following accompanying factors:
- Menopause
- Hormonal imbalances leading to a drop in progesterone levels. They can be caused by diseases of the thyroid gland, pituitary gland Dysfunction in the functioning of these organs has a bad effect on the state of the reproductive system of women;
- Injury resulting from mechanical damage to organs reproductive system, for example, if there were many abortions
- Infectious infections or chronic inflammatory processes in the uterine cavity. Infections are often the cause of intermenstrual bleeding
- Endocrine system disorders affecting the liver and kidneys
- High estrogen levels that are not balanced by progesterone (typical in case of dysfunction of the thyroid gland), which is especially important for the female body during the period of ovulation
- Fibroids, adenomyosis, uterine polyp, chronic endometriosis with endometrial hyperplasia
- Anovulation or vice versa ovulatory bleeding, characteristic of the attachment of a fertilized egg to the body of the uterus
- Functional ovarian cyst (appears in juvenile period from 13 to 18 years of age or during postmenopause)
- Diseases causing bleeding disorders
- Benign or malignant ovarian tumors
- Ovarian dysfunction
- Cervical cancer
- Ectopic pregnancy (when the fertilized egg is outside the uterine cavity, can be implanted in the fallopian tubes, peritoneum, etc.)
- Placental abruption
- Incorrectly selected hormonal contraceptives
The cause of abnormal bleeding may be menopause, during which the mucous membranes of the walls the uterus and vagina are greatly depleted. This is due to low levels of hormone production. When identifying problems at this age, it is important to urgently undergo an examination by a gynecologist, since bleeding may be a symptom of diseases such as endometrial cancer or precancerous conditions.
At puberty, uterine bleeding is also possible. Often the disease requires only observation and goes away with the establishment of the menstrual cycle.
Among the indirect causes of AUB are stress at work or at home, overwork and excessive physical activity. stress, sudden climate change, strict diets or prolonged fasting and taking certain medications.
Services
Appointment to the doctor
Symptoms of uterine bleeding may vary depending on the cause, who called him. The following signs of pathology should alert you:
- Menstruations may be heavy and very frequent, the cycle is disrupted and lasts less than 24 days. At the same time, it is important to remember that bleeding differs from normal discharge in a very increased volume
- Discharge with blood, which is observed in girls before the onset of first menstruation (may occur against the background of inflammatory processes)
- Blood from the vagina after sexual intercourse
- Irregular bleeding between periods
- Dizziness and feeling of weakness
- Pale skin and anemia
- Bloody discharge outside of menstruation, accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen of varying severity (depending on the stage of the disease)
If the discharge appears during pregnancy, then bleeding must be stopped during pregnancy. as quickly as possible, since there is a high risk of miscarriage.
To identify the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding, a number of diagnostic procedures are performed. An unscheduled appointment must be made gynecological examination and anamnesis. Laboratory tests must include:
- CBC (complete blood count)
- Hormone analysis
- Blood biochemistry
- Hemostasiogram
- Coagulogram
- Cytomorphology of the epithelium
Hardware diagnostics of uterine bleeding involves an ultrasound scan of the pelvic organs. If indicated, the patient is referred for hysteroscopy. It is possible to use other methods. If the diagnostic results reveal that the problem is not of a gynecological nature, then in this case it becomes necessary to obtain advice from a related or highly specialized specialist. The faster it is detected the reason and assistance provided, the lower the chance of developing undesirable consequences, including removal of the uterus.
In case of uterine bleeding, in the K+31 medical centers in Moscow, first of all, the patient receives emergency care, Timely measures taken can reduce the risk to life. After this comes diagnostics, including separate diagnostic curettage and confirmation of diagnosis. Treatments vary depending on the cause. Particular attention is paid women of reproductive age and in the period after childbirth, operations on the pelvic organs. Our specialists use modern methods of treating abnormal uterine bleeding and always take into account the individual characteristics of the patient.
As a preventative measure, we recommend leading a healthy and active lifestyle. Visit your gynecologist in a timely manner at least than once a year and treat any gynecological problems that arise.
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