Endometritis
Endometritis is an inflammation of the uterine mucosa that develops against the background of infections. According to statistics, the disease is more common in women aged 20–35 years after childbirth, abortions, and intrauterine procedures. In recent years, doctors have noted a significant increase in the number of cases of endometritis, which is associated with an increase in the number of medical interventions and insufficient prevention. Without treatment, the inflammation can become chronic and lead to infertility.
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Symptoms of endometritis
Acute endometritis
Chronic endometritis
Table: Comparison of acute and chronic endometritis
We suggest you familiarize yourself with the distinctive characteristics of the acute and chronic forms of the disease.
| Characteristics | Acute endometritis | Chronic endometritis |
|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | Pronounced, appear suddenly. | Weakly expressed or absent. |
| Body temperature | Rises to 38-39 degrees, accompanied by chills and weakness. | Usually normal, less often subfebrile (37-37.5 degrees). |
| Discharge | Abundant, purulent or with an admixture of blood, with an unpleasant odor. | Smearing, bloody, sometimes with an unpleasant odor. |
| Pain | Pulling or aching in the lower abdomen, intensifies with pressure. | Periodic, weak pulling pains. |
| Menstrual cycle | Usually not disturbed. | Disturbed: irregular, scanty or heavy menstruation. |
| Risk of complications | High risk of transition to a chronic form or spread of infection. | Risk of infertility, formation of adhesions, miscarriages. |
| Diagnostics | General blood test, ultrasound, smear for infections. | Ultrasound, hysteroscopy, endometrial biopsy. |
| Treatment | Broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, uterine curettage. | Antibiotics, physiotherapy, immunomodulators, hormonal therapy. |
| Prognosis | With timely treatment - complete recovery. | Requires long-term treatment, full recovery is possible. |
Causes of endometritis
A decrease in immunity due to stress, chronic diseases or vitamin deficiency increases the risk of inflammation. The body does not have time to cope with the infection, and it spreads to the inner layer of the uterus.
Endometritis occurs when an infection enters the inner layer of the uterus under the influence of the following factors:
- Infectious diseases The main cause of inflammation are bacteria, viruses or fungi that enter the uterine cavity. Among them: E. coli, staphylococci, STIs (chlamydia, gonococci)
- Interventions in the uterine cavity Abortion, curettage, installation of an intrauterine device, diagnostic procedures increase the likelihood of infection. Endometritis can also develop during complicated childbirth
- Chronic inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs Local immunity is weakened, which creates favorable conditions for infection of the endometrium
General information
Diagnosing Endometritis
Diagnosing endometritis begins with a consultation and examination by a doctor. The gynecologist clarifies the symptoms, performs palpation and examines the cervix with speculums. If inflammation is suspected, he prescribes additional tests to clarify the diagnosis:
- General blood test. Shows an increased level of leukocytes and an increase in ESR. This confirms the presence of an inflammatory process, but does not indicate the exact location.
- Ultrasound of the pelvic organs to assess the condition of the uterus. With endometritis, thickening of the endometrium, the presence of fluid or inflammatory changes in the uterine cavity are visible. Ultrasound also helps to exclude other possible causes of symptoms, such as cysts and fibroids.
- Smears for flora and infections from the vagina and cervix. Help the doctor determine the causative agent of the inflammation.
- Culture for sensitivity to antibiotics. Conducted to determine the most effective antibiotic.
- Hysteroscopy. Using a thin optical instrument, the doctor examines the uterine cavity from the inside and detects endometritis. If necessary, takes a tissue sample for biopsy.
The prognosis for acute endometritis is favorable in most cases. The chronic form of the disease requires longer and more complex treatment. If you contact a doctor in a timely manner, there is a high probability of full restoration of reproductive function.
Answers to popular questions
Doctors of the K+31 clinic answered current questions about endometritis of the uterus.
Does endometritis affect pregnancy?
Can I exercise after treatment?
Is endometritis sexually transmitted?
Do I need to treat chronic endometritis if it does not bother me?
Are relapses of endometritis possible?
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What is endometritis?
Endometritis is an inflammation of the inner layer of the uterus (endometrium), which is responsible for the menstrual cycle and preparation for pregnancy. Inflammation disrupts its functioning, leading to pain, discharge and other symptoms.
Endometritis is dangerous due to its complications if left untreated. Over time, adhesions and scars form in the uterus, which disrupt the functioning of the organ. The infection can spread to the appendages or cause a serious condition - sepsis, when bacteria enter the blood.