Vaginal surgeries
Doctors of the gynecology department K+31 treat patients with various pathologies in accordance with modern medical standards. Expert equipment, European treatment protocols, and strict adherence to the highest world standards help doctors make accurate diagnoses and prescribe effective treatment.
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Types of gynecological surgery
Vaginal extirpation of the uterus (hysterectomy)
The surgery is aimed at removing the uterus through the vagina. It is usually performed for diagnoses such as large fibroids, endometriosis, severe uterine prolapse or malignant neoplasms. Through an incision in the vagina, the surgeon disconnects the uterus from the ligamentous apparatus and removes it. The procedure is performed under general or spinal anesthesia. Fast recovery. After surgery, it is important to monitor physical activity, follow the doctor's recommendations and undergo rehabilitation, which takes from 4 to 6 weeks.
Vaginoplasty (vaginoplasty)
The procedure is indicated to restore the structure of the vagina, for example, after injuries during childbirth, age-related changes or in the case of developmental anomalies. The purpose is to strengthen the muscle frame and improve tissue elasticity. The procedure includes the excision of excess tissue and muscle tightening, which eliminates discomfort, improves the quality of sexual life and appearance. loads and carefully observe hygiene.
Colporrhaphy
Colporrhaphy is performed for prolapse of the vaginal walls caused by weakness of the pelvic floor muscles. The operation can be anterior (strengthening of the anterior vaginal wall connected to the bladder) or posterior (restoration of the posterior wall adjacent to the rectum). The surgeon tightens the tissues, sutures for fixation and restores the normal position of the vaginal walls. The procedure usually takes about 1-1.5 hours. refraining from lifting weights and abstaining from sexual intimacy for 6-8 weeks.
Removal of vaginal cysts
A vaginal cyst forms when the gland becomes clogged and fluid accumulates inside. If the cyst causes pain, enlarges or provokes an infection, doctors recommend this procedure. The surgeon carefully makes a small incision and removes the entire formation so that it does not return. Anesthesia is selected individually: it can be local or general anesthesia, depending on the complexity. After the operation, a woman usually recovers in 1-2 weeks, But it is important to check regularly with a doctor to rule out any complications.
Manchester Operation
The method is used to treat uterine prolapse. During the operation, the surgeon removes part of the cervix, strengthens the ligaments and fixes them in the pelvis. The procedure is suitable for women with moderate prolapse who want to preserve the uterus. Everything is performed under general anesthesia and takes about two hours. After the intervention, it takes about six weeks to recover, during which it is important to avoid exertion. to avoid repeated problems.
Pelvioperineoplasty
When the pelvic floor muscles are weakened due to childbirth, age or other factors, a comprehensive recovery may be required. Surgery helps to restore normal support to the organs, relieve discomfort, pain and symptoms such as urinary incontinence. The surgeon strengthens the muscles and ligaments, returning the tissues to their natural position. Recovery takes 6-8 weeks.
Removal of fibroids through the vagina
If the fibroids are small and located in the lower parts of the uterus, they can be removed through the vagina. Such an operation is minimally traumatic and allows you to preserve reproductive functions. The doctor removes the fibroids through the vaginal access under general or spinal anesthesia. Rehabilitation takes about 2-3 weeks, after which the woman can return to normal life.
Cervical plastic surgery
The procedure is performed for erosions, cicatricial changes after childbirth or developmental abnormalities. The surgeon removes the damaged or altered tissues and restores the normal shape of the cervix. Recovery takes 2-4 weeks, depending on the extent of the intervention.
Vaginal fixation (colpopexy)
The surgery is performed for severe vaginal prolapse, especially in women after removal of the uterus. The surgeon fixes the apex of the vagina to the ligaments or pelvic bones in order to restore the anatomical position of the organ. The procedure is performed by vaginal access, sometimes using mesh implants. Rehabilitation takes about 6 weeks.
Removal of vaginal polyps
Vaginal polyps, if they cause discomfort or bleeding, are removed surgically. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia through the vaginal access. After the operation, the patient can return to normal life in a few days, but medical supervision is required to exclude recurrences.
Marsupialization of Bartholin gland cyst
If a cyst or abscess of the Bartholin gland causes pain or infections, marsupialization is performed. An operation in which the cyst is opened, emptied and its walls are fixed to the skin tissues, creating a constant outflow of fluid. This prevents recurrences. The procedure takes about 30-40 minutes, and recovery takes 1-2 weeks.
General information about the procedure
Preoperative preparation
At the first stage, the surgeon and anesthesiologist discuss the upcoming procedure with the patient. The doctor clarifies the complaints, collects a complete anamnesis, paying attention to chronic diseases, allergies, medications taken and interventions. These data help to choose the best method of anesthesia and clarify the scope of the intervention.
- Laboratory tests and diagnostics. Blood tests (general and biochemical), coagulogram (clotting assessment), urinalysis, as well as tests for infections such as HIV, hepatitis and syphilis are prescribed. Depending on the patient's state of health, additional tests may be performed, such as an ECG, pelvic ultrasound or chest X-ray
- Exclusion of inflammation and infections. Before surgery, it is important to treat any foci of inflammation to prevent the development of complications. For example, if an infection is found in the smears, the doctor prescribes a course of antibiotics or antifungal drugs. The patient is also advised to temporarily abandon the use of intrauterine devices, if they are installed
- Diet and Physical Activity Restriction. The day before the procedure, it is necessary to follow a light diet: avoid fatty, spicy and hard-to-digest foods. In the evening before the intervention and in the morning of the operation, you should not eat or drink to eliminate the risk of complications during anesthesia. The patient is also advised to avoid strenuous physical activity a few days before the procedure
- Hygienic procedures. Before hospitalization, you should take a shower using mild skin care products. Particular attention should be paid to intimate hygiene, avoiding douching or the use of aggressive disinfectant solutions
- Coordination with the doctor of medication intake. If the patient is taking medication on a regular basis, such as blood pressure control drugs or blood thinners, their intake should be agreed with the doctor. In some cases, medications are temporarily withdrawn or replaced with safer alternatives
Before the procedure, the anesthesiologist conducts a consultation, explaining the features of anesthesia, and clarifies whether the patient has had allergic reactions to drugs. If there is a risk of allergies, the doctor selects an alternative method of anesthesia.
Answers to popular questions
If you have doubts or questions about vaginal surgery, the doctors of K+31 (Moscow) have collected the most important and useful answers.
Is it possible to avoid surgery for vaginal pathologies?
Yes, in the early stages of many pathologies, surgery may not be necessary. For example, the initial stages of uterine prolapse can be treated with pelvic floor muscle strengthening exercises, the use of pessaries, or hormone therapy.
How soon can I return to intimate life after surgery?
Recovery time depends on the type of procedure. For example, after the removal of a cyst, it may take about 4-6 weeks to fully recover. After more complex procedures, such as vaginoplasty, the period can increase to 8 weeks.
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Sling operations Ectopic pregnancy Delayed menstruation Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) Thrush (vaginal candidiasis) Prolapse of the uterus and vagina Uterine polyp (endometrial polyp) Cervical dysplasia Adenomyosis Treatment of sexual infections Vaginitis (Colpitis) Erythroplakia of the cervix Endometritis Bacterial vaginosis Symphysitis (symphysiopathy)Erosion and ectopia of the cervix
Vulvovaginitis Premenopause Uterine artery embolization for uterine fibroids Cervicitis Gynecologist consultationDysmenorrhea (painful periods)
AmenorrheaRemoval of the ovaries (oophorectomy)
Postmenopausal Sphinctermetry Treatment and intimate rejuvenation with the Fotona laserAdenomyosis (Endometriosis of the uterus)
Vulvitis Inflammation of the appendages (adnexitis, salpingo-oophoritis) Labiaplasty (labiaplasty) Bartholinitis Surgery to remove an ovarian cyst Prolapse (prolapse) of the uterus and vagina Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) First menstruation
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Vaginal surgeries
Vaginal surgeries are surgical interventions that are performed through the vagina without incisions in the abdomen.
This approach minimizes injuries, reduces recovery time and allows you to do without general anesthesia.