Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart is the most popular and effective diagnostic method in cardiology. Taking into account the existing limitations (permanent mobility of the organs under study), the technique allows obtaining all the necessary information. Thanks to the visualization of the organ using scanning on a tomograph, the doctor can assess the condition of the chambers of the heart and blood vessels, study intracardiac dynamics, and evaluate hemodynamic parameters.
MRI of the heart and coronary vessels: what the study shows
According to WHO statistics, up to 10% of all heart diseases occur in people under 40 years of age. With age, the number of diseases associated with disorders in the cardiovascular system increases. The situation is worsened by the fact that in the early stages of the pathology of the heart and blood vessels they do not manifest themselves in any way or are accompanied by nonspecific symptoms. That is why accurate diagnosis is so important for the treatment of these diseases.
MRI of the heart and coronary vessels allows you to get detailed, layered images of the area under study. This allows the doctor to:
- Assess the normal anatomy and function of the chambers and valves of the heart.
- Get information about the characteristics of blood flow in large vessels, as well as surrounding structures such as the pericardium (the sac that surrounds the heart).
- Study the structural features of the myocardium.
- Assess the consequences of changes after surgery.
- Diagnose cardiovascular disease, including neoplasms, infections, and inflammation.
- Explore the consequences of coronary artery disease, such as restriction of blood flow to the muscle and scarring after a heart attack.
- Monitoring and making adjustments to patient therapy for various pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
- Explore the anatomy and function of the cardiovascular system in children and adults with congenital heart disease.
MRI helps in preoperative preparation, treatment planning for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and detection of neoplasms.
Indications for examination
The principle of operation of the tomograph is based on the change in the responses of hydrogen atoms under the influence of a magnetic field. The device reads them and sends them to the computer monitor in the form of achromatic images. With the help of computer modeling programs, it is possible to form a 3D model of the heart in real time in order to identify pathological changes and their localization.
The patient is prescribed MRI of the coronary arteries and the heart for:
- Suspicion of damage to the coronary vessels and aorta, atherosclerosis, rheumatism, endocarditis.
- Ischemia.
- Inflammatory processes.
- Congenital heart disease.
- Diagnosis of myocardium and cardiac neurosis.
- Neoplasms in the region of the heart.
- Cardiomyopathies.
- Diseases of the aorta.
- Need to assess myocardial viability.
- Aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms of the ventricles.
To obtain more accurate data, MRI with contrast is used. The technique is based on the use of a contrast agent with a preparation of gadolinium. It is administered to the patient, and when scanning, the pathological areas in the image are stained. This makes it possible to detect the smallest disorders, including small tumors, up to several millimeters in diameter.