Treatment of calluses and corns
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Causes of calluses
The main reason for the formation of calluses is wearing unsuitable shoes. Additional provoking factors:
- Gait disturbance
- Skin vulnerability (including due to vitamin deficiency)
- Insufficient ventilation of the skin (this happens due to wearing synthetic materials)
- High loads on the legs
- Excessive sweating of feet
- Skin infections
- Inadequate foot hygiene
Calluses on the hands are often the result of a certain type of activity. For example, they often form against the background of intense sports training and heavy physical labor.
Calluses are divided into several types. Here are some of them:
- Mermen Visually they look like soft bubbles. The liquid inside is usually clear. However, in case of damage to neighboring vessels, it has a yellowish or reddish tint. Lack of treatment leads to the transformation of a water callus into a dry callus.
- Dry These are thickened and keratinized areas of gray skin. They usually form from soft calluses, although they often arise on their own. When walking, dry calluses cause an excruciating burning sensation.
- Rod This is a special type of dry callus. It is characterized by the presence of a rod that penetrates deeply into the skin. These calluses often occur on the heels and between the toes. Pain occurs due to friction and compression of nerve endings.
- Bone calluses They arise during the healing process of fractures - that is, they are not associated with skin pathologies.
General information
Possible complications
The presence of open or bloody calluses increases the risk of infection entering the tissue. Inflammation of the skin caused by infection often leads to the formation of pus.
In addition, in extremely rare and advanced cases, gangrene develops against the background of a rapidly progressing infection.
Diagnostic features
The first stage of diagnosis is an examination by a specialist - a dermatologist or podologist. Having determined the type of callus, he develops a therapeutic plan.
If there is a suspicion that calluses are caused by internal diseases, the doctor refers the patient for consultation with an endocrinologist, phlebologist, orthopedist or neurologist.
Features of prevention
Treatment of corns
Treatment of corns is aimed at eliminating discomfort and aesthetic imperfections. Depending on the severity of the case, it can be either conservative or surgical.
As part of conservative therapy, a professional (medical) pedicure is performed.
In difficult cases, surgery is prescribed. The most effective method is laser removal. Cryotherapy is also used (involves the use of liquid nitrogen. This promotes freezing and subsequent rejection of corns). In addition, radio wave therapy is sometimes prescribed.
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Corns
The main reason for the formation of corns is wearing uncomfortable shoes. They also appear against a background of high physical activity and excess weight.
Signs of corns:
The calluses are usually rough to the touch and have a yellowish tint. In their shape they can be either convex or flat. Also, neoplasms can be core, plantar and digital.
Corn calluses are protrusions with a mushroom-shaped base. Such growths occur against the background of injury or viral infection.
Plantar corns often form on the heel or forefoot as a result of wearing tight or uncomfortable shoes. Lack of treatment leads to the formation of deep cracks, which cause severe pain with any load on the legs.
Finger corns appear mainly on the thumb or little finger.