Dermatitis - treatment and diagnosis
The experience and skills of doctors, as well as high-tech equipment from leading manufacturers of medical equipment, help diagnose dermatitis of varying complexity. Based on the diagnosis, the doctor prescribes treatment, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient, which increases the chance of recovery.
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Classification
Allergic contact dermatitis - caused by a reaction to contact with a specific substance or allergen, such as metals (nickel), cosmetics, drugs, plants and other chemicals
Idiopathic contact - similar to allergic, but the cause is unknown
Atopic (eczema) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with genetic predisposition and increased sensitivity of the skin to various triggers, such as allergens, infections, stress and other factors.
Seborrheic - characterized by inflammation in the face, head and other places where there is a high concentration of sebaceous glands. May be associated with fungal infection or hormonal changes
Photodermatitis - develops when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, especially when using certain medications
Plant contact dermatitis - the skin becomes irritated and inflamed
Some types of rashes, such as lichen, urticaria, diaper rash, scabies, herpes or rosacea, may have specific clinical signs and require an individual approach to treatment. During periods of remission, it is important to pay special attention to skin care and prevention of possible exacerbations.
Diseases are also isolated as a result of exposure to irritating substances - such as acids, alkalis, solvents and other chemicals.
Dermatitis occurs on the face, arms, legs and torso. Symptoms depend on the type of inflammation and the individual characteristics of the patient.
It is important to note that symptoms range from mild and localized to more severe and widespread. It is important to know that each type has specific manifestations that can be discussed with your doctor.
Leading dermatologists in Moscow work in the dermatology department of the K+31 clinic. Doctors at the reception listen to complaints, conduct an examination and help identify the onset of the disease in the early stages. This allows you to start therapy and prevent complications.
- Itching and discomfort Patients experience a strong urge to scratch the affected areas, which temporarily relieves the itching but leads to further irritation.
- Redness and inflammation The skin becomes red, irritated and inflamed because the capillaries dilate and inflammatory processes are activated.
- Rashes These may be spots, blisters, rashes, or tiny blisters that are filled with fluid.
- Swelling and tenderness In some cases, skin inflammation is accompanied by swelling and tenderness in the affected areas.
- Flaking and dryness The skin can be rough, rough and dehydrated.
Causes of dermatitis
Allergic reaction
Irritation
Genetic factors
Autoimmune processes
Stress and emotional factors
Complications
Without treatment, dermatitis is complicated by the following conditions:
- Secondary infection. Damage to the skin creates a favorable environment for the development of bacterial, fungal or viral infections. The appearance of blisters, ulcers, suppuration or discharge indicates that a secondary staphylococcal or streptococcal infection has occurred.
- Scarring and discoloration. Dark spots, hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation appear.
- Dysfunction of the skin barrier. The natural protective barrier is destroyed, which makes the skin susceptible to additional irritants and allergens. This aggravates symptoms and worsens the condition.
- Psychological problems. Chronic inflammatory processes are accompanied by intense itching, pain, sleep disturbance and limitation of daily activities. This leads to emotional problems such as anxiety, depression, social isolation and low self-esteem.
- Spread to other areas of the body. In some cases, the disease spreads and causes new areas of inflammation and discomfort.
Complications can be avoided if you consult a dermatologist in a timely manner. It is easier to prevent the development of the disease at an early stage than to treat the consequences.
Diagnostic methods
- Inspection. A dermatologist examines the affected area, examines rashes, redness, blisters, crusts and other changes on the surface of the skin. Evaluates location and character.
- Anamnesis. Asks questions about symptoms and when the illness began. Clarifies the factors that caused the exacerbation of symptoms (contact with allergens, chemicals, plants, etc.). Examines hospital extracts and the list of medications the patient is taking.
- Pathological analysis of samples. In some cases, if the diagnosis is severe or unclear, a skin biopsy is performed. The structure is assessed and specific changes are identified.
- Allergy tests. If allergic contact dermatitis is suspected, a patch test (patch test) is performed. Allergens are applied to the skin in small quantities and left for several days to assess the reaction.
- Immunological tests. Antibody or immune marker tests are used to detect certain types of skin diseases or to rule out other immune disorders.
The dermatology department of the K+31 medical center has its own laboratory and the necessary modern equipment that allows diagnostics. The research method is determined by a dermatologist, taking into account complaints, examination and presumed diagnosis.
Лечение
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the disease, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient. Here are some general approaches to therapy:
- Identify factors that cause exacerbation of symptoms. When the causes are known, they can be avoided.
- Regular and careful care reduces symptoms and prevents exacerbations. It is necessary to cleanse the skin with gentle detergents, moisturize after bathing, avoid hot water and do not rub aggressively. And also use hypoallergenic products.
- Drug treatment. The doctor prescribes therapy to alleviate the symptoms of dermatitis. Depending on the type and severity, these may include local anti-inflammatory drugs (corticosteroid ointments or creams), antihistamines to relieve itching, antimicrobial agents in the presence of infection, immunomodulators and other medications. It is not recommended to start treatment without a doctor's recommendation.
- Psychological support. Chronic dermatitis has a negative impact on the emotional state. Working with a psychologist will help you cope with anxiety.
- Treatment of infections. If dermatitis is complicated by a bacterial or fungal infection, the doctor will prescribe antimicrobial agents.
Don't put off taking care of your skin until later. If you are experiencing symptoms of dermatitis or have already been diagnosed, make an appointment with a dermatologist at the K+31 clinic in Moscow. Our experienced specialists will help cure dermatitis and restore healthy skin. They will diagnose and develop an individual treatment plan to relieve symptoms and help you recover.
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About the disease
Dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease. Caused by the following reasons:
Regardless of the cause, these diseases affect the quality of life. Pain, itching, redness and rashes cause physical discomfort. Stress, anxiety and depression appear. Self-esteem decreases, and there is a desire to isolate yourself and limit communication with other people. This leads to deterioration in psychological health.
At the K+31 multidisciplinary medical center, dermatologists have been treating various forms of skin diseases for more than 10 years. Doctors periodically improve their qualifications at forums and congresses on skin diseases. They undergo internships in leading clinics in Europe. This helps to stay up to date with modern diagnostic and treatment methods.