The lens is a transparent, convex, avascular structure on both sides, the natural “lens” of the eye, enclosed in a capsule, which is involved in the process of changing the shape of the lens. Thus, it provides focusing the image we perceive. Any clouding of the lens is called a cataract and can lead to reduced visual acuity.
Contrary to popular belief, cataracts are not only diagnosed in older patients when the disease is caused by natural age changes. Untimely correction of other eye pathologies, injuries, taking certain medications drugs, poor environmental conditions, exposure to radiation and other factors that can lead to the development of pathology. Ophthalmic surgeons of our center have also encountered congenital cataracts in children.
Modern ophthalmic equipment, the great experience and experience of doctors of the highest category allow them to perform high-quality cataract operations and restoration of vision to patients. We can also solve problems associated with myopia, astigmatism, glaucoma, farsightedness.
To make an appointment, you can order a call back and leave a request using the form on the website. We will select a convenient time for visiting an ophthalmologist, we use effective methods of cataract treatment in Moscow and we will definitely solve your problem.
Types of cataract
Cataracts are congenital and acquired. Congenital cataracts can be hereditary and occur due to intrauterine pathology. In the case of congenital cataracts, most often we are talking about the presence of various diseases in a pregnant woman: hypocalcemia, hypothyroidism, diabetes diabetes, toxoplasmosis, viral infections (rubella).
The most common form of acquired cataract is age-related cataract, which usually occurs in people over 50 years of age.
The development of acquired cataracts, which require removal, is facilitated by some systemic diseases in combination with the individual characteristics of the body: type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, myotonic dystrophy, atopic dermatitis, type II neurofibromatosis.
Various eye diseases (uveitis, glaucoma, eye trauma, retinal detachment, some hereditary retinal dystrophies) lead to the development of secondary cataracts. Also, secondary cataract treatment may be required after lens replacement. As a rule, this is due to the persistence of factors provoking the development of the disease.
There are several stages of clouding of the lens:
- Initial.
- Unripe.
- Mature.
- Overripe.
Treatment of initial cataract consists in the appointment of eye drops. They improve metabolic processes in the lens, help slow down the progression. In most cases, this disease already in the initial stages requires surgical intervention. This is due to the fact that restoration of vision is possible only after surgical treatment. Since medications are not able to restore transparency to a clouded lens.
The earlier cataract surgery is performed, the less chances of developing severe, concomitant pathologies. In each situation, the doctor makes a decision based on the individual testimony of the patient.
Diagnostics and treatment of cataracts
Visual acuity is the determining factor in the tactics of patient management and treatment of cataracts. The degree of maturity, the massiveness of the cataract is determined by biomicroscopy. Sometimes, in order to get a more complete picture of the condition of the membranes of the eye with an intense cataract, an ultrasound examination of the eyeball is necessary. Our clinic has everything you need to make a diagnosis - eye cataract.
In children, complications caused by cataracts are very important in assessing the severity of the disease: obscurative amblyopia (impaired development of visual functions in a child due to limited light entering the eye), nystagmus (involuntary movements of the eyeballs), strabismus.
The only effective way to deal with cataracts is surgery. Given the characteristics of the development of the disease, the doctor and the patient decide on the need, timing and methods of cataract treatment. The operation is performed under local anesthesia and doesn't take much time. Moreover, due to the use of modern femtosecond lasers in surgery, most cases, sutures are not required, slowing down rehabilitation. Installation of intraocular lenses (IOL) is the best solution in the treatment of cataracts.
The natural one is replaced by an artificial lens. There are the following types of lenses used in the work:
- Multifocal or multifocal, trifocal. They can change the optical power of the eye, adjusting to work at different distances, just like the natural lens. This option is considered their main advantage. Alcon is a good example of a multifocal lens.
- Monofocal. The classic option most often used for cataract surgery in the elderly at a bargain price. After removal and replacement, the patient sees well in the distance, and uses weak glasses for near (it is also possible, vice versa, to resort to spectacle correction for distance). Monofocal lenses are available from Tecnis, Alcon, Zeiss and others.
- Toric. Suitable not only for the treatment of cataracts with a laser, but also for the simultaneous correction of severe astigmatism.
After any operation, patients are given a memo with recommendations for the period of rehabilitation. The doctor conducts an examination according to the schedule, observing the recovery. In clinics "K+31" you can also perform laser vision correction. Reviews of our satisfied patients testify to the high qualification of doctors and the excellent effectiveness of the treatment.
