To determine the content of hemoglobin in erythrocytes, a color index is used. This is a rather old parameter, which is supplanted today by the MCH, a more modern one, calculated using automatic analyzers. Nevertheless, CP does not lose its relevance and is used for the differential diagnosis of hypo-, normo- and hyperchromic anemias.
This parameter has no dimension, and its norm is 0.84-1.11. If, against this background, a reduced number of erythrocytes is noted, they speak of normochromia, characteristic of acute or chronic bleeding, renal pathology, leading to a lack of erythropoietin, intravascular hemolysis and aplastic conditions.
A decrease indicates hypochromic anemia, which happens when:
Deficiency of iron and vitamin B6;
Heavy metal poisoning;
Violation of the synthesis of proteins and other compounds that make up hemoglobin (thalassemia);
The general grave condition of the patient.
Hyperchromia, when the CPU is above normal, indicates:
Lack of vitamin B12 and folic acid in the body;
Toxic damage to the bone marrow;
Overdose or long-term treatment with cytostatics, anticonvulsants, antiviral drugs;
Hypothyroidism;
Dysfunction of the liver.
However, for a complete diagnosis, the color value alone is not enough. When the first signs of anemia or symptoms of other diseases appear, you should consult a doctor who will draw up an examination plan.
