Rhinomanometry, audiometry, tympanometry: what do these studies reveal?

Respiratory and hearing examinations are very important and help to detect the development of a particular disease in time. Each of them reveals certain functional abnormalities, and correctly prescribed treatment can significantly improve the patient’s quality of life.

Rhinomanometry

Rhinomanometry is a diagnostic procedure that helps determine difficulty in nasal breathing and identify the following problems:

  • Curvated nasal septum.
  • Vasomotor rhinitis.
  • Heavy snoring.
  • OSAS.
  • Chronic rhinosinusitis.
  • Insufficiency of the nasal valve.

Many causes of nasal breathing disorders can be determined using rhinoscopy - a visual examination of the nasal cavity. There are:

  • Anterior rhinoscopy, when it is necessary to identify pathologies of the anterior part of the nose,
  • Endoscopic examination of the nasopharynx.

How is rhinomanometry performed

The procedure is completely painless and has no absolute contraindications. It is based on the physical processes that occur when inhaling and exhaling through the nose. Sensitive equipment measures the speed of air flow and the intranasal pressure that occurs as it moves.

Sequence of actions:

  1. Clean the nasal cavity and take a comfortable position that does not restrict breathing.
  2. Close one nostril with a special adapter and put on a face mask with a sensor.
  3. Take several even breaths in and out, then close the other nostril and repeat the breathing movements.

Measurements can be made in various conditions - sitting, lying down, with the nostril widened, using a vasoconstrictor spray, etc. Then the obtained data is transferred to a computer, where it is processed, analyzed and compared with normal values.

Rhinomanometry allows you to objectively assess the degree of nasal breathing impairment and keep the results of the treatment under control.

Audiometry

Audiometry is an objective hearing test performed in an acoustic cabin on a high-tech audiometer that reveals hearing changes and impairment the functioning of both the auditory nerve and the sound conduction system. Indications for the study are hearing loss and/or dizziness. Performed ONLY by an audiologist in an audiology office.

Tympanometry

This research method helps to identify disorders in the middle ear. Tympanometry does not determine the degree of hearing loss, but indicates in which part of the hearing aid the pathology occurred and for what reason: changes in the eardrum, disruption of the auditory tube, the presence of fluid in the middle ear cavity, etc.

Indications for tympanometry

The procedure is prescribed by an otorhinolaryngologist if there are patient complaints and after a preliminary diagnosis has been made. The study is carried out in the following cases:

  • Decreased hearing acuity for no apparent reason.
  • Ear congestion.
  • During certain professional medical examinations.
  • Frequent rhinitis, otitis, sinusitis.
  • Adenoiditis.

Tympanometry may also be prescribed as an additional study after audiometry and detected hearing loss.

The essence of the method

The study helps the doctor assess the condition of the eardrum and the characteristics of sound transmission through other parts of the hearing aid. The procedure does not cause pain or discomfort.

  • The ENT doctor conducts a visual examination (otoscopy) of the outer ear and eardrum for cleanliness and integrity.
  • Then selects a nozzle for the tympanometer, which will tightly close the external auditory canal and provide a sealed cavity.
  • The device pumps air into the cavity through a probe until the required pressure is reached.
  • The specialist who conducted the study describes the results obtained and passes them on to the attending physician.

The entire procedure, taking into account the decryption time, takes from 5 to 20 minutes. The advantage of tympanometry is its speed, lack of special training, non-invasiveness, and there are no restrictions on age and frequency of use. The final diagnosis will be made by the doctor after a comprehensive examination of the patient using various methods.

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