In the body, protein is present everywhere and is represented by various components, each of which performs its own function :
The main "building" material for living cells;
They participate in almost all biological reactions in the form of enzymes, carriers of inorganic compounds, catalysts;
They represent a number of endocrine hormones (insulin);
Takes a direct part in the formation of a blood clot in case of damage to the vascular wall;
A full-fledged work of immunity is provided by immunoglobulins and antibodies - amino acid derivatives;
It is necessary to maintain the viscosity of the blood, which provides the best return of oxygen to the tissues;
Providing contraction of muscle fibers.
Modern laboratory diagnostics allows examining each protein fraction separately, however, at the first stage, it is necessary to determine the total level - the mass of all protein molecules present in a unit volume of whey. This allows you to form an initial idea of the disorders of the corresponding metabolism and plan a further strategy for searching for pathology, if any. Subsequently, large components (albumins, globulins) are studied, then smaller and specific ones (fibrinogen, myoglobin, C-reactive protein, etc.).
The normal value in biochemical analysis is 62-86 grams per liter . Being an important component of a living organism, this level is tightly regulated by various metabolic reactions, therefore, a deviation from the norm is more typical for severe conditions.
Slight fluctuations in concentration can be caused by certain drugs, dietary habits and lifestyle. Such changes do not affect health, but in the longer term lead to a decrease in immunity, endocrine and metabolic imbalances.
Lead to a decrease:
Liver diseases (cirrhosis, hepatitis, parasitic lesions, poisoning, malignant lesions);
Kidney disease (glomerulonephritis, severe renal failure, in which the kidneys lose their ability to retain protein compounds in the blood, but, on the contrary, excrete it in the urine);
Primary immunodeficiencies (HIV);
Common oncological processes;
Metabolic disorders with inadequate treatment of diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, pancreatitis;
Massive deep burns, chronic bleeding;
Deterioration of absorption with dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract (enzymatic imbalance, stomach or duodenal ulcer);
Deficiency in the diet (mismatch between intake and needs);
Pregnancy, especially in late stages and prolonged lactation.
The need to determine T - Prot in the conditions listed above is beyond doubt. However, the indications for the study are symptoms such as:
Frequent colds
The presence of edema;
Bleeding of the gums, mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, mouth;
Unmotivated weakness;
Nausea, discomfort in the epigastrium and right hypochondrium;
Back pain;
Prolonged increase in body temperature to borderline subfebrile numbers (37 - 37.5`C).
Exceeding normal values is rare. However, this may indicate:
Fluid loss (concentration of organic molecules with massive diarrhea, vomiting, polyuria, large surface burns);
The appearance of pathological fractions in allergic, autoimmune (lupus, rheumatoid diseases) and other systemic processes;
Chronic severe infections (tuberculosis);
Accelerated decay of erythrocytes (hemolytic anemia due to severe poisoning, intoxication, after blood transfusions);
Tumors of the red bone marrow and systemic tumors.
There are no specific symptoms of high protein. The clinical picture corresponds to the underlying disease. Therefore, if you feel worse, you need to undergo a T - Prot biochemical analysis . Also, this study is performed annually as a routine check-up.
