Fibrinogen is a soluble plasma protein synthesized in the liver and is directly involved in the formation of a thrombus (blood clot) after a violation of the integrity of the vascular wall. This indicator is determined in a coagulogram (hemostasiogram) - a special analysis for coagulation.
Under the influence of special factors, Fibrinogen is converted into insoluble fibrin at the site of damage to the blood vessel. Its threads intertwine and create a dense network, to which, like a filter, platelets settle and create a durable temporary patch to stop bleeding. The lower the FF level, the longer it takes for a thrombus to form. The norm is from 2 to 4 g / l. Change, both up and down, is fraught with serious consequences.
A decrease in concentration is observed in the case of:
Liver failure (loss of the ability to synthesize the required amount of proteins in hepatitis or cirrhosis);
Snake venom poisoning;
Deficiency of ascorbic acid and vitamin B12;
Long-term infusion therapy or after massive transfusion of blood-substituting solutions and components;
Pathological intravascular blood coagulation (DIC syndrome).
The consequences of low fibrinogen are:
Risk of hemorrhage;
Hemorrhagic stroke;
Blood loss during invasive interventions;
Bleeding gums;
Hemoptysis;
The appearance of bloody impurities in the feces;
Difficult to stop bleeding from wounds and abrasions.
There are a number of reasons leading to an increase in concentration:
Loss of body fluid (vomiting, diarrhea, polyuria, superficial extensive burns);
Malignant neoplasms, systemic tumor processes;
The presence of acute inflammation or exacerbation of chronic;
Hormone therapy (contraceptives).
High Fibrinogen increases the risk of pathological clots, especially in the presence of atherosclerotic blood vessel lesions. This leads to:
Myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases;
Ischemic stroke;
Thrombosis of internal organs and extremities.
There are no specific signs of high or low FA, therefore, its determination should always be carried out before planning any surgical intervention, as well as in the case of increased bleeding, the presence of ischemic symptoms of any localization and after severe infections.
