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Exudative otitis media

Exudative otitis media

Exudative otitis media is a disease in which exudate accumulates in the cavities of the middle ear.

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Etiology and clinical picture

A multifactorial disease, the development of which involves: inflammation, infection, hyperproduction of mucus in the middle ear cavity, features of innate immunity, etc.

Dysfunction of the Eustachian tube is the main factor predisposing to exudative otitis media.

Often, exudative otitis media occurs after acute otitis media and can persist for several weeks.

As a rule, the disease is asymptomatic. Parents may notice that the child has started asking questions again, or may notice a delay in speech development. Sometimes there are complaints about a feeling of pressure in the ear, its congestion, or tinnitus. In rare cases, imbalance, stumbling, and falling are possible.

Диагностика заболевания

При отоскопии:

Нарушение подвижности барабанной перепонки
За барабанной перепонкой может присутствовать уровень воздух-жидкость, иногда с пузырьками. Жидкость чаще желтого цвета
Барабанная перепонка в нормальном или втянутом положении
Помутнение барабанной перепонки

Дополнительные обследование:

Тимпанометрия (тип В)
Аудиологическое обследование (кондуктивная тугоухость)
Эндоскопический осмотр полости носа и носоглотки (аденоиды, гипертрофия трубных валиков)

Лечение

Экссудативный средний отит обычно разрешается спонтанно. При отсутствии факторов риска показано динамическое наблюдение.

Факторы риска:

Стойкое снижение слуха по причинам, не связанным с экссудативным средним отитом
Неврологические нарушения развития (расстройства аутического спектра, синдром Дауна)
Аномалии строения черепа (расщелина твердого неба)
Задержка речевого развития
Нарушение зрения, не поддающееся коррекции

При наличии сопутствующей патологии полости носа и носоглотки – соответствующее лечение.

При неэффективности выжидательной тактики показано хирургическое лечение: шунтирование барабанной полости, эндоскопическая баллонная дилатация евстахиевой трубы.

Indications for tympanic cavity shunting

Presence of risk factors for developmental and learning disabilities in children
Age < 3 years
Structural changes in the eardrum, tympanic cavity
Degree of hearing loss > 40 dB
Bilateral otitis media with effusion > 3 months
Unilateral otitis media with effusion > 6 months
Recurrent otitis media with effusion (6 months in total per year, ≥3 episodes within 6 months or ≥4 episodes within 12 months)

How is an appointment with an otolaryngologist at K+31?

During the initial appointment, the doctor questions the patient in detail about complaints, clarifies the history of the disease, and lifestyle. Next, a thorough visual examination of the nose, pharynx, ear, and larynx is carried out. Special tests are prescribed to assess the acuity of hearing and smell.

Our doctors

Experience 18 years

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Spiranskaya
Olga Aleksandrovna

Head of the Otolaryngology Department, Otolaryngologist

Experience 24 years

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Tetzoeva
Zalina Muratovna

Head of the otolaryngology department, otolaryngologist, surgeon, leading specialist

Kochetkova (Minavnina) Yulia Vladimirovna

Experience 13 years

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Kochetkova (Minavnina)
Yulia Vladimirovna

Otorhinolaryngologist

Experience 25 years

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Osipova
Irina Andreevna

Head of the center for otolaryngology and ENT rheumatology, otolaryngologist, surgeon, leading specialist, expert in ENT pathology in autoimmune diseases

Experience 21 year

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Gutenko (Selenina)
Tatyana Vitalievna

ENT doctor

Experience 11 years

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Lapshina
Anastasia Andreevna

Otolaryngologist, audiologist

Experience 18 years

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Samarin
Nikolay Evgenyevich

ENT doctor

Experience 17 years

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Krahovetsky
Nikolay Nikolaevich

ENT doctor

Experience 45 years

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Lopatin
Andrew Stanislavovich

Chief Specialist in Otorhinolaryngology

Experience 13 years

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Portnyagina
Maria Pavlovna

Audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist

Experience 27 years

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Kaspranskaya
Galina Rustemovna

Otorhinolaryngologist, otoneurologist, audiologist

Experience 22 years

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Koblova
Tatyana Alexandrovna

ENT doctor

Experience 37 years

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Petlyov
Alexei Anatolevich

Otorhinolaryngologist

Experience 20 years

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Punkov
Maxim Anatolevich

ENT doctor

Experience 25 years

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Varenkova
Olga Vladimirovna

Otorhinolaryngologist

Experience 11 years

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Budeikina
Liliya Sergeevna

Otorhinolaryngologist, phoniatrist

Experience 27 years

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Kornienko
Roman Anatolievich

Otorhinolaryngologist

Experience 12 years

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Budnitskaya
Elena Vasilievna

Otorhinolaryngologist

Experience 21 year

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Varvyanskaya
Anastasia Vladimirovna

Otolaryngologist, surgeon, leading specialist, expert in olfactory dysfunction

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Akhmedov
Magomed Akhmedovich

Experience 8 years

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Postarnakova
Irina Alexandrovna

Otolaryngologist, pediatric otolaryngologist

Experience 8 years

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Mamedov
Vasif Eivaz ogly

Audiologist

Experience 6 years

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Tamaeva
Diana Ruslanovna

Experience 2 years

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Putkaradze
Ekaterina Iosifovnz

Experience 13 years

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Chekaldina
Elena Vladimirovna

Otorhinolaryngologist

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Reviews 10

Irina Aleksandrovna is a wonderful doctor, a true professional! Thank you very much! My daughter has grade 3 adenoid hypertrophy, only 10% were open. It was hard to see her tears and hear: "Mom, I want to breathe through my nose...". Some people dreamed of a doll, a car, etc., but my daughter dreamed of breathing through her nose, but she couldn't. Thanks to the correct treatment, the adenoids significantly decreased in 4 months and my daughter began to breathe freely through her nose! In addition, my daughter was very afraid of doctors and each visit was a test for us, but Irina Aleksandrovna found an approach to her and our meetings were always easy. Thank you very much again! We are very glad that we got to such a doctor! This is your calling!

11.09.2025

S. Maria Vladimirovna

Wonderful doctor, simply wonderful! Tactful, kind, very responsive!

08.09.2025

E. Ekaterina Alexandrovna

Good afternoon! I would like to express my gratitude to Maria Pavlovna Portnyagina. A competent doctor, an impeccable appointment, an examination was conducted, an ultrasound was immediately agreed upon, a full examination and a set of measures to identify the problem were conducted. Thanks to Maria Pavlovna's appointment, we found out what was going on. I left with an understanding of my health condition and exhaled after the examinations, this rarely happens when you think - this is a doctor, it was not in vain that I came to her. I ask the management to note according to the procedures and policies of the Clinic. I left the appointment with a feeling that you were heard, the problem was considered, the most valuable thing is quickly, efficiently, and not indifferently. That very case when you think - it was not in vain that I went to the doctor. Everything is clear, precise, competent. Time is always very precious, you can spend a lot of time and leave with nothing. Whether you were or were not at the doctor, with the same questions, fears, uncertainty. The best ENT doctor in my life! Maria Pavlovna - thank you. Sincerely, Elena

07.09.2025

K. Elena Vladimirovna

I was extremely satisfied. The doctor was very attentive and competent. Thank you very much.

01.09.2025

L. Vladislava Vasilievna

Excellent professional, attentive, neat.

28.08.2025

L. Alexander Sergeevich

After the injury, I started having serious hearing problems. I didn't go to the doctor right away and let the disease get worse. I made an appointment with audiologist-otorhinolaryngologist M.P. Portnyagina. The doctor is experienced, responsive, with a lot of work experience. She identified my problem from the first minutes of the appointment and was generally very pleasant to talk to. The doctor showed me all possible hearing aid options - the consultation was clear and understandable. Thank you for the opportunity to be observed by such competent specialists.

25.08.2025

Anonymously

I was very pleased with my visit to Doctor Varvyanskaya A.V. The doctor listened to me attentively, examined my larynx in the most thorough manner, asked me in detail about the symptoms, compared the data from various tests, sorted out my problem, gave detailed explanations of the diagnosis and recommendations for treatment. I left calm and confident that everything would be fine with me.

18.08.2025

Goryunov M. A.

I express my heartfelt gratitude to the ENT doctor Tetsoeva Z.M. for her professionalism, attentiveness and kindness. The doctor carefully examined my throat, explained everything and gave recommendations for treatment. At the appointment, I felt a sincere desire to find the cause of my illness and help with the solution of this health problem. I confidently recommend this specialist.

18.08.2025

Goryunov M. A.

I liked everything, the doctor examined me and explained everything within the framework of my request, and the doctor was also very pleasant to talk to!

12.08.2025

D. Dmitry Vladimirovich

The best clinic I've ever been to! Doctor Osipova I.A. is the best ENT!!! I had an appointment with Fotina E.V. A real female doctor, a wonderful specialist and person❤️

11.08.2025

Vasilisa M.

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